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Google Project: Research at Google

Google Project: Research at Google

The Research at Google has created the most efficient Google’s HR team start out to reply this inquiry using data as well as exact synthesis: What is the secret that makes the Google team ..the most effective? Read on…

During the past half a decade, Research at Google that makes itself the best open proselytizer of how studying persons can transubstante fecundity that became convergent on building the consummate aggroup.

Ten years ago, Google has been played out with millions of dollars to create the best Google Project to mensurate almost all prospects of lives of its employees. Its operations administrative division has size up everything from how ofttimes specific people dine conjointly (the most amentaceous employees incline to build ample system by circumvolving dining friends) to which attributes the top grade managers share (startling, good communication as well as obviating micromanaging is pettifogging; more lurid, this was word to a lot of Google managers who are performing Research at Google). Its top executive directors long considered that to structure the foremost teams meant combine the most excellent people. They clenched other flecks of customary cognitive content as well, like ‘‘It is healthier to set persons unitedly,’’ said, a managing director in Google’s People Analytics division

Over the past two years they have demeanour a lot of interviews with their workers as well as looked at a lot of 250 abstractions of 180+ progressive Google teams who performs Research at Google. They were very much assured that they would explore the clean mix of respective dimensions and acquisitions that are essential for a prima team — For the best example, The Rhodes scholar team that contains two extraverts an engineer who rocks.

The secret behind the successful google team that performs Research at google lies with these five key dynamics

  1. Psychological safety: the members of the team feels totally innocuous to take perils and be vulnearable in front of other team members
  2. Dependability: the members of the team that are at great Google Project get done things on time and consult google higher executives for excellency
  3. cognition and lucidity: The member team have clear goals, its roles and plans
  4. Meaning of work: The work is impersonally crucial to members of the team
  5. Effect of work: This great team believes that their work truly matters and creates great positive changes


This great team members that Research at Google do not keep themselves otiose with their data they acquired. They act. So they make over a instrument called the gTeams exercise: – they check on the five dynamics, a study that sum up how the group is doing, a live oral communication to talk about the outcome, and bespoke developmental rootages to assist teams better. During this year, nearly 3,000 Googlers among 300 teams have made use of this tool. Among those Google teams that Research at Google, pick out a new unit criterion — like embark on each team meeting through shares a perils taken in the past week — developed 6% on psychological condition ratings as well as 10% on cognition and pellucidity ratings. They said that having a hypothesis around team potency as well as a forcing utility to talk about these kinetics was lacking antecedently and by far the most impactful part of the content.

 

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Green Energy is Possible with Tellurium

Green Energy is Possible with Tellurium

Researchers around the geoscientist Bram Murton have found large quantities of rare earths in the deep sea. The deposit is located about 480 kilometers from the coast of the Canary Islands. It is a gigantic submarine, which could be made of the semi-metal tellurium – 1000 meters below the surface. The first five centimeters of the crust are said to contain about 50,000 times more of the rare earth than any deposit on land.

The discovery story of the element tellurium took place in the last two decades of the 18th century. The Austrian chemist and mineralogist Franz Joseph Mueller von Reichenstein observed a lower gold yield than expected in 1782 on gold rulers from Sibiu, Romania. The additional minerals contained were believed to be antimony sulphide or bismuth sulphide, which, however, excluded Muller von Reichenstein on the basis of his experiments. He suspected a new metal, which he gave the names “problematic metal” and “paradoxical gold”.

The questions were clarified only about a decade later, after the Berlin chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth had received the rehearsals. He succeeded in the extraction and first re-presentation of the new element. In 1798, however, Klaproth acknowledged Miller von Reichenstein as the discoverer, but named the element himself with the “Tellurium” borrowed from the old Mother Earth (lat. Tellus).

Tellurium is a very rare occurrence on earth. The proportion of the earth’s crust is only 0.001 ppm or 1 gram per thousand tons of rock. This makes it even rarer than gold. It is sometimes found in elementary form, but mainly in the form of tellurium minerals, of which the calaverite (gold ditelluride, AuTe2), the sylvanite (a mixed silver / goldtelluride, (Au, Ag) 2Te4) and tellurite (tellurium dioxide, TeO2).

The frequent socialization of the tellurium with ores of the noble metals copper, silver and gold ensures its enrichment in the production process. In the production of refined copper by the electrolytic refining of raw copper, tellurium is deposited in the anode sludge as water-insoluble precious metal stellurides M2Te (M = Cu, Ag, Au). Only 180 tonnes of tellurium are produced every year.

The rare semimetal is interesting for use in ultra-efficient solar cells. How harmful the degradation is to the environment can not be said yet.

Geoscientists have discovered large quantities of rare metal tellurium in an underwater reservoir off the coast of the Canary Islands, reports Technology Review in its online edition (“More green energy thanks to metals from the deep sea”). A mountain, 1000 meters in depth, is said to have a larger tellurium content in its crust than any deposit on the dry land.

Tellurium can be used in particularly efficient solar cells. The dilemma when drilling the deposit is now whether the related risk to the environment should be addressed. Such deep-sea fuels have aroused appetite for several years. China would very much like to promote metals under the Indian Ocean – and is about to start the corresponding processes.

For deep-sea mining, demand for rare earths and precious metals is growing steadily. They are used in numerous electronic devices, in electric cars and in technology for the production of renewable Green energy. The dismantling is by no means ethically clean – the issue of “conflict metals” as well as the poor working conditions in Africa, for example, are driving the industry out.

The promotion of deep sea water could provide a remedy here and still be extremely lucrative for the sponsoring companies. With the silvery shine and the sharp edges are crystals of tellurium of selected beauty. They let us think it was a metal. However, the crystals are soft and brittle. They are easily crushed to powder. If the electrical conductivity is determined, the electrical resistance decreases with increasing temperature, which is the typical behavior of a semiconductor and not of a metal.

The crystal structure of the tellurium provides an explanation for this. There are spiral chains of tellurium atoms with short distances within the chain of 284 pm. Each tellurium has four neighbors from adjacent spiral chains, each of 350 pm. Taking into account all six neighbors of each tellurium.

In the noesis structure, tellurium shows its character as a main group element. The formation of the two short, localized bonds of each tellurium atom prevents the metallic conductivity. On transition to the liquid phase, above the melting point of 450 ° C., the conductivity increases by a factor of 15. In the molten state, the bonding and electron localization is no longer present.

Tellurium treasure in the sea

Tellurium is extremely important for the green energy sector. The semi-metal is found in some of the most efficient solar cells on the planet. The fact that the rare earths – as the name implies – occur in relatively small quantities and can only be promoted with comparatively great effort makes the solar power generators more expensive. The new deposit in the deep sea could partly change this: at least 2670 tons are to be taken from the sea, which is a twelfth of the world’s production.

Growing demand for rare earths

For deep-sea mining, demand for rare earths and precious metals is growing steadily. They are used in numerous electronic devices, in electric cars and in technology for the production of renewable energy. The activity is by no means ethically clean – the issue of “conflict metals” as well as the poor working conditions in Africa, for example, are driving the industry out. The promotion of deep sea water could provide a remedy here and still be extremely lucrative for the sponsoring companies.

However, no one knows what impact the deep sea promotion could have on the underwater life. They could be very negative. An analysis of deep sea degradation work carried out recently showed that even test bores can damage marine ecosystems.

Maritime mining with consequences

Larger projects could be even more problematic. If the natural processes in the deep sea are disturbed, this could have a negative impact not only on the marine population, but possibly even on the influence of weather patterns.

Business and research: the question of what is more important is to reduce the resources needed to produce significant amounts of green energy? Or do not touch nature and avoid potentially major damage to our oceans? Whether the purpose here sanctifies means is not yet settled. What is clear is that there is a great potential under the ocean.

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Google Project: Google Calico

Google Project: Google Calico

It is probably the most ambitious Google project: exploring eternal life, healing from death. The company Calico which is one of the best Google Project was founded.

The cure of cancer is a task that is too small for Larry Page. The Google founder, 42 years old with a strong graying head, has made something bigger. He wants to stop aging. Death. “One of the things that I find astounding is the fact that you add about three years to the average life expectancy of humans when you solve cancer,” he philosophized in an interview with the magazine Time.

The man who sorts the information of the world sees himself as a visionary. He invented Google with his co-founder Sergey Brin in 1998 to make knowledge accessible to the masses. Google is aware of our data, our worries, and the greatest humanity: death. The life expectancy has doubled since 1840 and increases every four years by one year. But it remains that after a few decades our end is waiting. A pill against aging has not yet invented. The company has developed this knowledge. And as old as the fear of death is the dream of eternal life, in which death is not unavoidable, but curable as a disease.

In 2013, Google established a subsidiary named California Life Company, Calico which one of the best Google Project. “We are going to age, one of the biggest puzzles of life,” is the mission of the company, of which no one knows exactly what it is doing. So far, Calico – the best google project was a Google daughter, now she is a Google sister. Page is now rebuilding the Group and is sorting all business areas under a holding called Alphabet. Google is one of the holding companies, Calico is one of the best google project, as well as companies that deal with topics like self-propelled cars or the supply of the world with Internet access via drone. They should all be under the alphabet roof more freedom and independence than before. And if they write high losses, that does not hurt the business figures of Google. Page has baptized these side projects “moon shots” – moonflights – because they are so visionary. And with hardly one of the Moon Shots is about as much as with Calico – the best google project.

For a long time, a serious struggle had been made to convince scientists of the feasibility of the cure of death, the biomedical researcher and researcher Aubrey de Gray writes in an essay. “Since Google’s decision to use its astronomical resources for a targeted attack on aging, this struggle could be overcome: if financial restrictions are eliminated, Griesgrame will no longer play a role.” Page has brought the best researchers together for its largest Moonshot Calico. Above all the molecular biologist Arthur Levinson, called Art, one of the pioneers of the Silicon Valley and today the supervisory board of Apple. He is the boss of Calico – an excellent google project.

 

The 65-year-old is a respected person and a genius in the field of biotechnology for physicians, scientists and technicians. Even as a child, he became enthusiastic about physics and astronomy, later studied biochemistry. In 1980, he joined Genentech as a biotechnology company, where he headed the company’s drug discovery business and was then almost 20 years in the board of directors and later on the company’s board of directors. New and breakthrough therapies have been its hallmark, such as the cancer drugs Avastin and Herceptin. The funds are tailored to the genome, have a specific effect. The medicines are being marketed by the Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche, which Genentech took over in 2009 and is still benefiting from Levinson’s research potential.

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How Some Battery Materials Expand Without Cracking

How Some Battery Materials Expand Without Cracking

Why some battery materials expand without cracking?

It is a rule of nature that metals, when heated, expand and when cooled, they contract. Frequent changes in temperature can cause this expansion and contraction, which can potentially lead to their cracking. But it is really surprising how electrode materials present in battery sustain these cycles of expansion and contraction without any signs of cracking.

Mechanism of charging of Battery

When a battery is charged, the ions carrying electrical charge travel from one electrode to the other. When the battery starts charging, ions or electrons move from the cathode to the anode. This process is responsible for the expansion and contraction of the electrodes.

Why batteries do not crack?

Lithium-ion batteries regularly expand and shrink when heated and cooled, respectively, during charging and discharging. If the material fails to accommodate this particular strain, the battery may fail to function. However, it is the molecular composition of some electrodes that primarily protect them from cracking in spite of expansion and contraction.

The electrodes are generally made of crystalline materials. The atoms present in these materials are always arranged very neatly in consecutive arrays. While being charged or discharged, the arrangement of the array is disturbed and the atoms take a disordered shape of a glass to withstand the changes occurred in dimension. This helps them to take the stress while expanding and contracting and they remain intact without cracking.

These research findings have been made possible by a team from Rice University, MIT, the University of Southern Denmark, and Argonne National Laboratory. They have found out this secret in the material of the electrodes and these new findings can open up new ways of creating high capacity batteries with longer lives.

The team dealt with sodium ion batteries for their research and used sodium-iron-phosphate (NaFePO4) and phospho-olivines as potential electrodes or battery cathodes. They found that the expansion can be gradual or rapid depending upon the composition of the electrodes. For instance, the change comes very rapidly for the sodium-iron-phosphate electrodes and it changes the volume drastically by 17%.

Usually, under normal theoretical conditions, soft materials would crack with even 1% change in volume. But in this case, the atoms change their neat order and assume the disorderly shape of a glass to adapt to the volume changes. This is precisely the reason why some battery materials do not crack in spite of regular cycles of heating and cooling.

Future prospects

These findings from the team have opened up new potentials for creating applications of electrode materials where the volume changing property can be put to use. The olivine compounds can also be used in various compositions to devise new ways of creating crystalline materials that have this wonderful property of adapting to volume change.

This may lead to creation of glassy battery materials in future. It may also lead to the use of such materials for batteries that were previously thought to be incapable of handling volume change during the process of charging. Therefore, new generation batteries may have greater capacities to function for long durations while perfectly withstanding the volume change brought about by expansion and contraction.

Ref: Battery Cracking

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Google Project: Google Public Data Explorer

Google Project: Google Public Data Explorer

The Google Public Data Explorer – A tool to visualize large public records with few clicks

The large data (bank) providers, e.g. The German Federal Statistical Office (Destatis), the European Commission (eurostat) or the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) now provide the general public with important data on economic or political issues. These data range from the unemployment rate in Germany over the income levels of individual countries to the international macroeconomic development. The fact that the public interest in such data is of great importance is not surprising.From students to journalists to political decision-makers, work with these data! However, it is problematic to compress and visualize the sometimes huge amounts of data for their own purposes, since not everyone has the sometimes necessary statistical knowledge. A tool from Google with the name Google Public Data Explorer helps.

The Google Public Data Explorer allows users not only to search large data sets from public providers, but also offers the possibility to graphically represent certain relationships. The user can also make individual settings or choose between different diagram types.

These graphics can be linked or linked to their own website. Embedded diagrams can be updated automatically so that the results shown are always up-to-date. The Google Public Data Explorer which is one of the Google Project thus provides a convenient solution for the presentation and visualization of public data, especially for those with little or no statistical knowledge.

“Google Public Data Explorer” for more dynamic:

The parade example from Google shows a graphic, which visualizes the comparison of the birth rate and life expectancy in different countries. The big advantage of this is that the year can be changed with a slider. So you can quickly and easily observe the development in recent years.

This new version of Google Public Data Explorer, of Hans Rosling emerges that make it easier to understand the world we live in. Not in vain is it a tool based on Gapminder, the technology that Google acquired years ago, which has long been published improved and increased within Google Project. At this time, Google has been adding more and more data to demonstrate the utility of the Tool and receive proposals from users.

The first is to use a lot of public data mainly on demography and economics to create elaborate graphs that change over time and according to the different regions and countries, so that they can be studied from all possible points of view.

The new test data set is more than 30 databases but the main novelty of this version is that now anyone can add their own information to use the tool as a powerful viewer of the area of ​​knowledge that interests you. In the Google Public Data Explorer FAQ, there is a good explanation of how the invention works, still in the “experimental” phase and a well-crafted presentation of a few screens to understand the idea quickly.

Public data for Google Tool

The data for the dynamic statistics can be obtained from a wide range of freely accessible sources. In addition to American data supporters such as the US Census Bureau or the US Bureau of Labour Statistics, information is also obtained from European sources that have been updated regularly for this Google Public Data Explorer project. These include the World Bank, the OECD and the statistical authority Eurostat. All these data from these institutions are public and can be processed further.

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Cassini Spacecraft: What You Need to Know About NASA Probe’s Bold Mission Inside Saturn’s Rings

Cassini Spacecraft: What You Need to Know About NASA Probe’s Bold Mission Inside Saturn’s Rings

The world has been in constant touch with what is known as the technology.  The space technology is something that the world has always been amused and mesmerised. The space technology has crossed leaps and bounds to surprise as well as give us the satisfaction. Recently, the space technology has made a breaking news with the Cassini spacecraft. Well, ever since the Cassini spacecraft has come into the by reaching where no previous device has been able to reach. The journey has begun on Wednesday. Finally, it would descent amidst the region of Saturn and its innermost ring.

THE MOTION

The grand finale will have the depression frequently in and out of the 22 times in rings of the planet. Over the next couple of months, it would do the same before getting burned up in the atmosphere when it enters the main process of the mission – entering the atmosphere of none other than Saturn.

The Cassini spacecraft has been revolving around the planet for more than 13 years now.  But finally it has now started to adjust its motion with respect to the planet. The motion of the Cassini spacecraft has created a mild fear among the NASA scientists as it may cause damage in one of the satellites of the Saturn instead of looking for the traces of life on the land. To commemorate the historic event Google as designed Doodle which has the probe with excellent features.

Cassini Spacecraft _2

A BRIEF HISTORY ABOUT CASSINI SPACECRAFT

Well, it was a joint project which was signed between NASA, the European Space Agency and the Italian Space Agency. The project was Cassini-Huygens which was launched in the year 1997. On 1st july, 2004, the spacecraft arrived at Saturn. From that time period, it has been revolving around the planet. The probe of the Huygens which was attached with the Cassini spacecraft was united till 2005. After that they got detached and in the year 2005 it landed on the moon of Titan. Since then it has been entertaining us with the exclusive images of the planet as well as the moons.

Cassini Spacecraft _3

THE DISCOVERY

Well, the contribution of the probe can’t be ignored and also in discovering the moons of the planet Saturn. Now, one thing is confirmed that the moons are the most welcoming areas in the universe. A fortnight ago NASA has declared that the chemical reactions were detected by the Cassini spacecraft. This is indeed wonderful. The chemical reactions were found under the frozen surface of the Enceladus which indicated that the life is possible on that area. There were some other discoveries too which were outstanding. The major discovery was that the moon Titan had many similarities of that our own Earth. The atmosphere consisting like wind, rain and the water are same. The recent report suggested that the Cassini spacecraft was flying close to the Titan in order to trying to enter the orbit.

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Google Search Changes Tackle Fake News and Hate Speech

Google Search Changes Tackle Fake News and Hate Speech

Google Brings New Search Engine Changes To Do Away With The Fake New And Hate Speeches

One of the major technology news doing rounds this week includes the changes made by the Google in its core search engine. This will help in stopping the rise and spread of the fake news as well as hate speeches in the online world. The changes implemented on the Google search is filled with different measures specifically dealing with the ranking sites as well as people who checks upon them to establish results as accurate. In simple words fakes spreads like a wildfire and more number of search on similar topic helps in bringing the fakes new right into the prominence. Now the changes being implemented on the Google search will help in getting it out of the search engine working in a subtle and determinate fashion.

Google has clarified in a blog that it will be bringing a number of changes on the core search engine to thwart the attempts of the extremists at abusing the system itself. Google had deal with the backlash when the search engine platform for abused in giving the prominence to the groups which deny that Holocaust has even taken place.

Google Search _1

What changes are being implemented in Google search?

The vice president of engineering at Google search division named Ben Gomes has stated that engineers has carefully made a number of structural changes which will do away with tricks utilized by the people in tricking the algorithms. Over the past few months it has been found that a number of groups and organization were effectively making use of the fake news on Google’s search engine to spread completely false, fabricated, offensive as well as misleading and low quality information to the users. The new metrics brought to the ranking systems in the Google search will simply stop the false information getting into the top results for any particular search terms.

Google had already tested the system by asking more than thousands of real human raters in giving the feedback on the currents results being offered by the search engine. This testing has also helped in identifying a number of low quality information as well as fake websites which were quietly oozing out the misleading information and offensive results and to some extent the conspiracy theories in the search engine.

Autocomplete Google search will get a major makeover

Another interesting development revealed by the technology news states that Google is looking forward to change the ‘autocomplete’ tool which simply suggest the search terms. This tool was designed to make it easier to find the thing they are searching for but Google search will now allow users to simply flag the inappropriate content with it.

Technology news on global scale affirms that the industry experts are happy with the changes being brought in the natural functioning of the Google search engine.  But they implore that the changes being implemented on the search engine shouldn’t be seen as way of fixing the algorithms which consistently failed in correctly indexing the results found online.

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Google Project: Google World Wonders Project

Google Project: Google World Wonders Project

With the help of Google’s recently launched google World Wonders Project, you can now discover 100 famous historical and cultural sites in 18 countries around the world via the web. These include man-made artworks such as Stonehenge, the Pompeii sites, and the historic temples of Kyoto.

Likewise, Google shows us natural sites like the Shark Bay on the west coast of Australia, the Yellowstone National Park in North America or the Ogasawara Islands in Japan. Google’s World Wonders Project looks like a small encyclopedia on the historical, cultural and natural treasures of our planet.

On discovery tour you can either go over a large, globally rotatable mouse or by drop-down menus by location or theme. Each site has an infotext, YouTube videos and images as well as three-dimensional models. Street view is a great way to explore the Palace of Versailles, Jerusalem, the Hiroshima Peace Memorial, the Gulf of California or the Swiss Alps.

 World Wonders Project _1

Google allows virtual visit to the Grand Canyon

With Google’s World Wonders Project, you will discover historical monuments and impressive landscapes online. Now you can visit the Grand Canyon by Street View

Google reveals the world to you: After having first mapped maps, then photographed and finally made accessible, the California Company now digitizes the rest of the world – or at least all the places to visit.

Recently, Google has also digitized the Grand Canyon as part of the Google Project. The Google camera guides visitors virtually a trail that provides unique panoramic views. The Grand Canyon is located in the US state of Arizona, is one of the landmarks of the United States. Now you can view the spectacular scenery from your PC.

Photos and additional information

Thanks to the google World Wonders Project, you can now discover 132 historical places in 18 countries as well as special landscapes. Google employees photographed the places with camera-mounted cars and bicycles, so that they can be seen at the computer in panoramic view – some even in 3D. To the right of the Panoramic images there is additional information about the places: YouTube videos, further photos as well as texts, which partly developed in cooperation with organizations such as the UNESCO.

Google World Wonders Project: Preserving culture and making it accessible

Melanie Blaschke, product manager of the project, writes that World Wonders is part of Google’s commitment to preserving culture on the Internet. The aim is to make culture accessible to everyone. Google publishes high-resolution images of the Dead Sea scrolls, digitizes archives of celebrities such as Nelson Mandela, and shows thousands of art works at the Art Project.

Many official information and images have been created in collaboration with UNESCO, the World Monuments Fund, Getty Images and Our place. Google stresses that the World Wonders Project should serve as an educational resource for students, students and scholars. They wanted to be committed to “preserving culture online and making it accessible to everyone”. Even for teaching purposes, one would like to make selected compilations of teaching material available for download.

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Google Project: Google Solve For X

Google Project: Google Solve For X

Google X is a research department of the American company Alphabet Inc. The research lab is located near the central Google campus in Mountain View, California. According to the report of the New York Times, only a few Google employees know about the existence of Google Solve For X projects.

In particular co-founder Sergey Brin is very active in the research institution; Eric Schmidt and Larry Page are also there to be active. The researchers involved in Google Solve For X projects are expected to include experts in robotics, artificial intelligence and man-machine interfaces, including a co-developer of the Kinect Microsoft gesture control.

The Times reporters list some Google Project that scientists are supposed to work with in the facility named in Google X. Robot research is a big issue, and the Google robots driven cars are said to have emerged from a Google Solve For X projects. In addition, researchers in Google Project are expected to work on a space lift, telepresence and cartography robots (street-view recordings by autopilot?) And the networking of objects.

As an example of networked house technology, the “Times” counts on the sparking refrigerator that has sprung through for decades through presentations, which records the stocks that are running out. Apart from the space lift, these projects are not particularly surprising.

In May of this year Google announced at its developer conference Google I / O, one would open as an operating system to control one day home and garden technology, the bedroom lighting and the lawn sprinkler for example.

A Google spokeswoman did not want to comment against the “New York Times” to Google Solve For X projects. She simply said that the Google Project research on speculative projects is part of Google, but the invested sums are quite small compared to the research expenditures in the core business.

Google Brain and Deep Mind

The Google Brain (Google Brain) project attempts to mimic the neurons of the human brain. For this Google Project, the company has hired the computer scientist Geoffrey Hinton, who, with his deep-learning theory, tries to merge computer science and neuroscience.

In January 2014 Google acquired the British laboratory Deep Mind for artificial intelligence to strengthen these activities for 450 million dollars. First application of Geoffrey Hinton’s research is the improvement of the speech recognition of Android, Google’s smartphone operating system

Goals and ambitions

Chief Scientist is the Google co-founder Sergey Brin. The company was founded by the German robotics expert Sebastian Thrun.

The company was created to implement the very aspiring goals of the Google founders. As his role model, Nikola Tesla as a major inventor, Larry Page would like to contribute to the progress. He has summarized his philosophy under the term 10X Thinking.

This means that it is easier to make everything ten times better than 10 percent better. “There is hardly competition in exploring technological boundaries because no one is so crazy to try it,” said Larry page
Google Projects

The Google Solve For X projects include Google Glass (a headed miniature computer as part of the extended reality), a digital contact lens to measure the blood glucose value, the development of autonomous vehicles, Project Loon (internet services on balloons in the stratosphere), Project Wing Package delivery by drone) and the Internet of things also referred to as Web 3.0.

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NASA Taking First Steps Toward High speed Space ‘Internet’

NASA Taking First Steps Toward High speed Space ‘Internet’

Baby Steps for High Speed Space Internet Being Taken Up by NASA

We all know how mandatory high speed Internet has become in today’s time and age. We all want to experience Lightning fast Internet Speed while working our way through the net. Well, we got good news for you. If all goes well with whatever NASA has planned then soon we could have a long-term technology of high speed space Internet also popularly referred to as Internet of the sky. 

How is NASA going to do that?

NASA has planned to get help from LSRD (Laser Communication Relay Department) in order to understand the best ways to use systems involving laser communications. By operating such systems NASA will be able to provide data rates which are supremely higher than the current ones available. By enabling such higher data rate NASA will hence enhance communications between earth and spacecrafts, between astronauts and also downlink of scientific data.

As per the associate administrator of NASA’s Space Technology Department LCRD will act as a guiding step for NASA towards a revolutionary system of optical communication which will benefit both deep space as well as near-Earth missions immensely.

Internet _1

So what exactly is Laser communications?

Before we learn more about the project it is essential to know what Laser communication is. Also termed as Optical communications, laser communications works by encoding data on to light beams and then transmitting them between the sender (commonly spacecrafts) and the receiver (earth terminals).

Using optical communications one can get Internet speeds up to 100 times faster than the current obtained speed using RF (Radio Frequency) communication systems. Another benefit that will be achieved using Laser communications is that the size of the spacecraft will be drastically reduced as the systems involving Laser communications are of much smaller size than that of RF communications. Hence the power requirements of such spacecrafts will be significantly lower thus helping humans to embark on journeys to Mars and even beyond.

The building block upon which LCRD is being developed is the LLCD or Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration which in 2013 was used to demonstrate high rate data transfer using laser communications beyond the orbit of the earth. LCRD will further aim to demonstrate the reliability and the longevity of the technology being used.

Internet_2

How long can LCRD function?

As per the designs applied in LCRD it will be able to sustain for two to five years with two terminals at ground level having laser modems, one located at Hawaii and the other at California. These two terminals will provide demonstrations of laser communications with LCRD which will be located in a geosynchronous orbit between both the stations.

How does the LCRD work?

The payload of the LCRD has two optical terminals which are identical and are connected by a space switching component acting as a router. This space switching component is then connected to a RF downlink. As soon as the data transfer begins the modems will start to convert digital data into radio frequency or laser signals and vice versa. Once the data has been converted to laser the module will actively beam the laser i.e. the data back to the receiving stations on the Earth. The modules must thus be accurately pointed so that the transmission and reception of data is done perfectly. This is achieved by the controllers Electronics module which commands and controls the actuators despite vibrations and movements around it.

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